Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection in Infants and Young Children and Sensitivity Testing of The Bacterial Isolates in Pediatric Hospital - Benghazi City - Libya
Keywords:
Antibiotics sensitivity, Antimicrobial resistance, Urinary tract infection, PediatricsAbstract
Infections of the urinary tract are prevalent in children. In contrast to the benign course of urinary tract infection (UTI) in adults, UTI in children is well-known as a source of acute morbidity and chronic medical disorders such as hypertension and renal insufficiency in adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 299 infants and children (103 male, 177 females) in the age range of 15 days to 5 years old in Children hospital Benghazi. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of UTI among these children, to find the major causative organisms behind UTI in this population and to study the antibiotic susceptibility of isolated bacteria. The uncentrifuged urine was evaluated by dipstick culture, microscopy and antibiotic sensitivity test. The overall prevalence of UTI in children was 15.3 %, according to the findings of this study. There was a significant difference (p=0.03) between the frequency of UTI and gender, but no significant difference (P=0.08) was discovered between the frequency of UTI and age. There was a difference in the frequency of UTI among children of various ages. Gram-negative bacteria were identified at a rate of 75 percent, while Gram-positive bacteria made up 25 percent of the total isolates. E. coli was the most often isolated uropathogen among gram negative bacterial isolates (50 percent), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (30%), Klebsiella spp. (16.7%) and the least frequent isolate was Enterobacter spp. (3.3%). The most common Gram-positive bacteria isloated were Streptococcus spp. (50%) followed by Staphylococcus spp. (30%) and Enterococcus spp.(20%). Overall, the sensitivity of Gramnegative bacteria was high to Ciprofloxacin (66.7%), Norfloxacin (66.7%) and Ceftriaxone (56.6%). Gram-negative bacteria have a high level of resistance to Ampicillin (80%), Nitrofurantoin (66.7%), and other antibiotics: Ceftazidime (66.7%) and Amoxicillin/clavulanate (60%). E. coli, Ampicillin (100%) and Nitrofurantoin (100%) resistance was found in the most frequently isolated microorganisms (78.6 percent). Overall, the percentage sensitivity of Gram-positive bacterial isolates was relatively high to Ciprofloxacin (100%), Erythromycin (70%) and Oxacillin (60%). The overall resistance was high to Ampicillin (80%), Pencillin G (70%), Cotrimoxazole (70%), and Nitrofurantoin (60%). All of the isolates tested positive for multiple antibiotic resistance. Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Cotrimoxazole resistance was found in the majority of the Staphylococcus spp. identified.
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