Interpretation of Applied Radiation Biology

Abstract

The field of radiation biology emerged following the discovery of X-rays and radioactivity in the late nineteenth century, becoming a cornerstone of modern medicine (Becquerel, 1896; Curie & Becquerel, 1901). This paper provides an overview of the historical development of this discipline, beginning with the work of Röntgen, Becquerel, and Curie, through the recognition of biological effects and the evolution of radiotherapy techniques and safety standards (Patton, 1992). We discuss Bergonié and Tribondeau's law regarding radiosensitivity, the principle of dose fractionation, the therapeutic ratio, and the linear nonthreshold (LNT) model for risk assessment (Bergonié & Tribondeau, 1906; Regaud, 1901; Holthusen, 1936; ICRP, 2007). Advances in technology and biological understanding have improved cancer treatment outcomes while reducing associated risks. The paper concludes with current challenges and future directions, emphasizing the need to balance therapeutic benefits against potential risks