Assessment of Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Community Pharmacies in Benghazi City

Abstract

Background: Inappropriate antibiotic dispensing by community pharmacies is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Libya, where regulations may be poorly enforced, understanding pharmacy practices is crucial. Objective: This study assessed antibiotic prescribing practices, knowledge of AMR, and influencing factors among pharmacy professionals in Benghazi, Libya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted (JulySeptember 2024) using a validated, self-administered questionnaire distributed to 211 pharmacy professionals in community pharmacies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: Dispensing antibiotics without a prescription was common, primarily driven by patient demand for quick recovery (55.9%) and prior successful use (46.0%). While higher education level significantly correlated with better AMR knowledge (χ²=145.94, p<0.001), formal antibiotic training did not (χ²=1.33, p=0.248). Conclusion: A significant knowledge-practice gap exists. Interventions must be multifaceted, including enforced regulations, continuous professional development, and public awareness campaigns to promote responsible antibiotic use. Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, community pharmacy, dispensing practices, Libya, antimicrobial stewardship.