حساسية البكتيريا سالبة الغرام المعزولة من عينات سريرية لمرضى في مستشفى الجلاء للجراحة والحوادث بمدينة بنغازي - ليبيا للمضادات الميكروبية
الكلمات المفتاحية:
البكتيريا سالبة الغرام، مستشفى، مرضىالملخص
الخلفية: غالباً ما تكون البكتيريا سالبة الغرام مقاومة للمضادات الحيوية نتيجة لاكتساب جينات المقاومة أو حدوث طفرات جينية. وقد أظهرت الدراسات أن المضادات الحيوية المطورة حديثاً ستفقد فعاليتها ضد هذه البكتيريا في وقت قصير بسبب ظهور المقاومة. الهدف: هدفت الدراسة إلى تقييم العوامل المؤثرة في تطور مقاومة المضادات الحيوية لدى هذه البكتيريا. المواد والطرق: تم إرسال 95 عزلة بكتيرية سالبة الغرام -مأخوذة من عينات سريرية متنوعة- إلى قسم المختبرات الطبية بمستشفى الجلاء للجراحة والحوادث في مدينة بنغازي بليبيا خلال الفترة من مارس إلى أبريل 2022؛ حيث أُخضعت جميع العينات لاختبارات الحساسية تجاه المضادات الحيوية الشائعة الاستخدام في تلك الفترة، والتي أظهرت فعالية مخبرية منتظمة ضد جميع الكائنات الحية الدقيقة المستنبتة. النتائج: شملت الدراسة عينات من مرضى يُشتبه بإصابتهم ببكتيريا سالبة الغرام في مستشفى الجلاء (بنغازي)، حيث بلغ عدد عينات الذكور 24 عينة (25.3%) وعينات الإناث 71 عينة (74.7%). ومن بين هذه العينات، تبين أن 7 عينات (7.7%) تعود لبكتيريا Proteus spp و5 عينات (5.3%) لبكتيريا Alcaligenes faecalis. وكانت بكتيريا E. coli هي الأكثر شيوعاً بنسبة 41 عينة (43.2%)، تلتها Pseudomonas spp بـ 15 عينة (15.8%)، وKlebsiella spp بـ 14 عينة (14.7%)، وMoraxella catarrhalis بـ 11 عينة (11.6%)، بينما كانت الأقل شيوعاً هي Neisseria meningitidis بعينة واحدة (1.1%) و Salmonella بعينة واحدة (1.1%). الاستنتاجات: تُظهر دراستنا أن البكتيريا سالبة الغرام في بيئتنا قد تكون مقاومة للمضادات الحيوية. ويُعد استهلاك المضادات الحيوية في مجتمعنا أحد العوامل الرئيسية المسببة لظهور وانتشار مقاومة البكتيريا لهذه الأدوية، مما يشكل تهديداً عالمياً خطيراً للصحة العامة والممارسة السريرية.
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