Diagnosis of Common Refractive Errors in Children Using Non-Surgical Techniques

Abstract

Background: Refractive errors consider the main aspect of Visual impairment in childhood represent a significant public health issue, particularly in developing countries. Refractive errors may adversely affect children development in all aspect and can lead to permanent visual disability if not discovered early. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and pattern of refractive errors among children attending ophthalmology clinic and hospital in Benghazi, Libya. Method: The study conducted in the selected health care facilities for ophthalmology. A cross-sectional study performed, first colleting demographic data, second clinical ophthalmic examination were performed, including acuity assessment, refraction, and segment evaluation (anterior and posterior), all data collected was recorder. Results: Children in this study exhibit a higher prevalence of visual impairment. Refractive errors are the main cause of visual impairment (myopia and hyperopia), followed by strabismus and amblyopia. The older age group had a higher visual impairment than the younger groups. Female participants were attending the hospital more often than males at the time of the study more than one diagnostic technique had been used. School-aged children showed a higher burden of refractive errors compared to younger age groups. Correction of vision (glasses) is the most common management method used. Conclusion: Among school-aged children in Benghazi visual impairments were common, primarily due to uncorrected refractive errors such as myopia, astigmatism, and hyperopia. These findings highlight the need for improve early detection and screening program, treatment of approach in children to reduce preventable childhood refractive errors and its long-term impact.